Programming in Python By Pratap Sanjay Sir

💻🐍📘 Programming in Python

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👉 Introduction to Python 🐍

➥Python is a high-level, interpreted, general-purpose programming language.

➭Created by Guido van Rossum in 1991.

➭Focus on simplicity, readability, and rapid development.

➭Widely used in AI, Data Science, Web development, Cyber Security, Automation & Scripting, Mobile & Game Apps.

💝 Your Gift 🎁 — Just for You!

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📁 Google Drive – Notes & Files ⤴

🧭 Complete Roadmap – Learn Python ⤴

🐍⬇️ Python Official Downloads ⤴

📌 Why is Python Popular? ⭐

➭Easy to learn for beginners.

➭Huge collection of libraries.

➭Works on Windows, Mac, and Linux.

➭Used by industry giants: Google, NASA, Netflix.

👉 Features of Python ⚙️

1️⃣ Python is Easy to Use ✍️

➭Python is a very developer-friendly language.

➭Very simple and clear syntax — similar to English.

➭Anyone can start learning it in a few hours or days.

➭Compared to object-oriented languages like Java, C, C++, C#, Python is the easiest to learn.

Example:

print("Hello World")

2️⃣ Python is Powerful 🚀

➭Python is a high-level, powerful programming language.

➭Used by big companies like Google, IBM, Microsoft, NASA, Intel etc.

➭Supports AI, Machine Learning, Data Science, Web Development and many more fields.

➭Trusted by professional programmers all over the world.

3️⃣ Python as a "Glue" Language 🔗

➭Python can easily connect (integrate) with other languages like C, C++, Java.

➭Programmers can reuse existing code written in these languages and combine it with Python.

➭Very useful for scientific computing, robotics, automation, etc.

4️⃣ Python Runs Everywhere 🌐

➭Python is platform independent.

➭Python programs run on Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Unix and even small devices like Raspberry Pi.

5️⃣ Python is Free and Open Source 🆓

➭Python is 100% free to download and use.

➭Anyone can copy, share or modify Python because it is open source.

➭Python is regularly updated and improved by a large global community of developers.

👉 Installing Python on Windows 💻

🖥️ Easy Step-by-Step Guide

Step 1: Visit Python's Official Website
➭Open your browser and go to: www.python.org

Step 2: Go to Downloads Section
➭Click on Downloads in the menu.
➭A page will appear showing the latest Python version for Windows.

Step 3: Choose Your Windows Installer
➭Scroll down to find the Windows installers.
➭For 32-bit system: choose Windows Installer (32-bit).
➭For 64-bit system: choose Windows Installer (64-bit).
➭(Most modern computers are 64-bit.)

Step 4: Install Python
➭After downloading, double-click the installer file.
➭VERY IMPORTANT: Tick the box “Add Python to PATH” at the bottom.
➭Click Install Now and follow the on-screen instructions.

Step 5: Verify Installation
➭Open Command Prompt (CMD).
➭Type:

python --version

➭If Python is installed correctly, the Python version number will be displayed.

👉 Displaying Strings in Python 🖥️

print("Welcome to Python Programming")

📌 Escape Sequences 🎯

Code	Meaning
\n	New Line
\t	Tab Space
\"	Double Quote
\'	Single Quote

print("Hello\nPython")
print("Name:\tPratap")
  

👉 Programming in Script Mode 🧾

🔹 What is Script Mode?

➭ Script Mode means writing Python programs in a .py file.

➭ It is used for long programs and saved for future use.

✨ Features of Script Mode

1️⃣ Code is Written in a File:
➭ Programs are saved with .py extension.
➭ Example: hello.py, area.py

2️⃣ Useful for Long Programs:
➭ Better for writing many lines of code.
➭ Easier than typing commands one by one in Python Shell.

3️⃣ Easy to Save & Reuse:
➭ You can save, open, and edit your code anytime.

📌 How to Write a Program in Script Mode

Step 1: Open IDLE
➭ Start Python’s IDLE editor.

Step 2: Open a New File
➭ Go to File → New File.

Step 3: Type Your Program

print("Welcome to Python")
  

Step 4: Save the File
➭ Click File → Save and save as welcome.py.

Step 5: Run the Program
➭ Click Run → Run Module or press F5.
➭ Output shows in the Python Shell.

✔ Example Program in Script Mode

Program:

a = 10
b = 20
sum = a + b
print("Sum =", sum)
  

Output:

Sum = 30
  

👉 Python Comments 💬

➭ Comments are notes in a program that Python does not run.

➭ Used to explain code.

Types:

1️⃣ Single-Line Comment: Starts with #

# This is a comment

2️⃣ Multi-Line Comment: Written using ''' ''' or """ """

'''
This is
multi-line
comment
'''

👉 Displaying Strings in Python 💻

➭ Strings are shown using the print() function.

Example:

print("Hello, Python!")
  

Output:

Hello, Python!
  

➭ Strings can be in single quotes ' ' or double quotes " " .

Example:

print('Hello')
print("Python")
  

Output:

Hello
Python
  

👉 Python Statements 🧾

1️⃣ Line Continuation

➭ Use \ to split a long statement.

total = 10 + 20 + \
        30 + 40
print(total)
  

2️⃣ Variable

➭ Stores values to use later.

age = 15
name = "Alice"
  

3️⃣ Display Value

print(age)
print(name)
  

4️⃣ Accept Input from User

age = input("Enter your age: ")
print("Your age is", age)
  

5️⃣ Converting Values

➭ Input is string by default. Convert using int(), float() etc.

age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
print("Next year you will be", age + 1)
  

👉 Numbers in Python 🔢

➥ int: Whole numbers (e.g., 5, 10, 100)

➥ float: Decimal numbers (e.g., 3.5, 12.5)

➥ complex: Numbers in a + bj format

a = 10
b = 12.5
c = 4 + 3j
  

👉 Type Conversion 🔄

➭ Convert values using int(), float(), str().

x = int("25")     # string to int
y = float("12.5") # string to float
z = str(100)      # int to string
  

👉 Python Operators & Operations ➗

1️⃣ Arithmetic Operators ➕

➭ Used for mathematical calculations: +, -, *, /, %, //, **

a = 10
b = 3
print(a + b)  # 13
print(a ** b) # 1000 (10^3)
  

Operator	Meaning
+	Addition
-	Subtraction
*	Multiplication
/	Division
%	Modulus
**	Exponent
//	Floor Division

2️⃣ Relational / Comparison Operators 🤝

➭ Compare values and return True or False: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=

a = 10
b = 20
print(a < b)  # True
  

Operator	Meaning
==	Equal
!=	Not equal
>	Greater than
<	Less than
>=	Greater or equal
<=	Less or equal

3️⃣ Logical Operators 🤔

➭ Used for combining conditions: and, or, not

a = True
b = False
print(a and b)  # False
print(a or b)   # True
print(not a)    # False
  

Operator	Meaning
AND	Both true
OR	At least one true
NOT	Reverse condition

4️⃣ Assignment Operators 📝

➭ Used to assign or update values of variables: =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, //=, **=

x = 10
x += 5   # x = 15
x *= 2   # x = 30
  

Operator	Meaning
=	Assign value
+=	Add & assign
-=	Subtract & assign
*=	Multiply & assign
/=	Divide & assign
%=	Modulus & assign
//=	Floor divide & assign
**=	Power & assign

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Chapter 10: Programming in Python

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